Convergence insufficiency in ABV terms refers to which pattern?

Convergence insufficiency in ABV terms refers to which pattern?

• A. A syndrome with excessive near convergence and strong positive vergence.
• B. A syndrome with reduced near convergence, reduced positive fusional vergence, and often symptomatic near tasks.
• C. A pattern where exodeviation is greater at distance.
• D. A condition with normal near point of convergence.

Answer: (B)

Convergence insufficiency is a near-vision vergence weakness where the eyes fail to converge adequately for close tasks. In ABV terms, the key deficit is reduced ability to converge at near, which goes hand in hand with a diminished positive fusional vergence (the reserve of convergence you can recruit to maintain single vision as a near demand increases). This combination leads to difficulty and strain during near work and often produces symptoms like headaches or blurred/diplopic vision with reading or computer use. The best description matches this pattern: reduced near convergence, reduced positive fusional vergence, and often symptomatic near tasks. That captures the core problem—the near convergence system is underperforming and insufficient vergence reserve at near, which is what drives both the functional difficulty and the symptoms. The other patterns don’t fit convergence insufficiency. One describes excessive near convergence, which would imply the opposite problem. Another notes a pattern where exodeviation is greater at distance, which points to a divergence-related pattern rather than CI. A normal near point of convergence would contradict CI entirely.

Convergence insufficiency is a near-vision vergence weakness where the eyes fail to converge adequately for close tasks. In ABV terms, the key deficit is reduced ability to converge at near, which goes hand in hand with a diminished positive fusional vergence (the reserve of convergence you can recruit to maintain single vision as a near demand increases). This combination leads to difficulty and strain during near work and often produces symptoms like headaches or blurred/diplopic vision with reading or computer use.

The best description matches this pattern: reduced near convergence, reduced positive fusional vergence, and often symptomatic near tasks. That captures the core problem—the near convergence system is underperforming and insufficient vergence reserve at near, which is what drives both the functional difficulty and the symptoms.

The other patterns don’t fit convergence insufficiency. One describes excessive near convergence, which would imply the opposite problem. Another notes a pattern where exodeviation is greater at distance, which points to a divergence-related pattern rather than CI. A normal near point of convergence would contradict CI entirely.